not another step! (Comstock) “even from where you are” iste, istic, istinc, are demonstratives of the second person (F-B) ( AG 146a).ģ90: somnī noctisque soporae: “of sleep and slumberous night” note the assonance (Page). nostra ad flūmina: observe his sense of ownership as ferryman (Carter).ģ89: fare age, quid veniās, iam istinc, et comprime gressum: “Come say why you come, just from where you are, and check your steps.” Note the disjointed vehemence of the line (Page) quid veniās, subjunctive in indirect question ( AG 575). 389 iam istinc “there, from where you are” (Page).ģ86: īre: “going” with prōspexit (Carter).ģ87: increpat ultrō: “upbraids them unprovoked” (Page) “unaddressed rebukes them” (Comstock) “at once rebukes them.” Ultrō implies that he does not wait for an explanation (F-B), “without provocation” (Carter) a stylistic variation of prior (Bennett).ģ88: armātus: Charon is alarmed at the appearance of an armed man, remembering theĭisturbance formerly occasioned in Hades by the visits of Hercules, Theseus, and Pirithous (Frieze). iam inde: perhaps best joined with prōspexit, “even then from that moment” (Frieze) “from where he was without waiting to get nearer” cf. nāvita…prōspexit: nāvita = Charōn (Carter). quōs: = eōs (connecting relative, AG 308f). Stygiā ab undā: implies “from the midst of the stream” (Frieze) “from his post by the Stygian wave” (P-H). flūviō: dative of place to which (poetic, AG 428h).ģ85: ut: = ut prīmum, “as soon as” (Chase). On the approach of Aeneas, Charon warns him to keep aloof from the bank, but at length, appeased by the words of the Sibyl, and by the sight of the golden branch, conveys them over the Styx (Frieze).ģ84: ergō…peragunt: “and so they proceed on the journey they had begun” peragunt, literally “they are accomplishing” (Page) literally “they go through with,” here “continue” (P-H). Tandem trāns fluvium incolumēs vātemque virumque 415 Sūtilis et multam accēpit rīmōsa palūdem. Inde aliās animās, quae per iuga longa sedēbant,ĭēturbat laxatque forōs simul accipit alveō Ille admīrāns venerābile dōnumĬaeruleam advertit puppim rīpaeque propinquat. 'agnōscās.' Tumida ex īrā tum corda resīdunt Sī tē nūlla movet tantae pietātis imāgō, 405Īt rāmum hunc' (aperit rāmum quī veste latēbat) Trōïus Aenēās, pietāte īnsignis et armīs,Īd genitōrem īmās Erebī dēscendit ad umbrās. Nec vim tēla ferunt licet ingēns iānitor antrō 400Īeternum lātrāns exsanguēs terreat umbrās,Ĭasta licet patruī servet Prōserpina līmen. 'Nūllae hīc īnsidiae tālēs (absiste movērī), Quae contrā breviter fāta est Amphrӯsia vātēs: Hī dominam Dītis thalamō dēdūcere adortī.' Ipsius ā soliō rēgis trāxitque trementem Tartareum ille manū custōdem in vincla petīvit 395 Umbrārum hic locus est, somnī noctisque sopōrae: 390Ĭorpora vīva nefās Stygiā vectāre carīnā.ĭīs quamquam genitī atque invictī vīribus essent. 'Quisquis es, armātus quī nostra ad flūmina tendis,įāre age, quid veniās, iam istinc et comprime gressum. Sīc prior adgreditur dictīs atque increpat ultrō: Per tacitum nemus īre pedemque advertere rīpae, Nāvita quōs iam inde ut Stygiā prōspexit ab undā 385
In grammatical terms, Mercury arrives in Libya before he even has flown there.Ergō iter inceptum peragunt fluviōque propinquant. Here, however, it appears that he wishes to indicate that a god moves faster than time. "He flies through the great air with a rowing of wings and swiftly stood on the shores of Libya." Sometimes it is difficult to grasp what purpose-if any-Vergil has in his selection of tenses. "Volat ille per āera magnum rēmigiō ālārum ac Libyae citus astitit ōrīs." "Smiling down at her (for 'illī'), the father" Middle voice (looks passive but = reflexive) "filled with tears with respect to her bright eyes," i.e., "her bright eyes filled with tears" "for thus this people would be easy in living through the ages" Interesting Grammatical Features in Aeneid 1 These grammatical features are not necessarily stylistic devices, but may be less common than those topics typically covered in basic Latin. O Doomed Troy-all these may be translated "Troy" Yay! The Trojans-all these may be translated "Trojan" Used by itself to refer to the most important figure, i.e., Aeneasīoo! The Greeks-all these may be translated "Greek"
Although there may be certain anthropological or geographical distinctions between one name and another, for our purposes they are identical. It is helpful in reading the Aeneid to know that Vergil uses multiple names to refer to the same characters, groups, and places. Useful Proper Names from the Aeneid Introductory Comment
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